Uncategorized
Siblings Of Autistic Children May Develop Disorder
By PsyPost
Researchers from the UC Davis MIND Institute and the Baby Siblings Research Consortium have discovered that siblings of children with autism are at a much higher risk of being diagnosed with the condition than children in the general population.
The study, published in Pediatrics, determined that about 20% of later-born siblings in families with an autistic child are diagnosed with autism themselves, a rate roughly seven times higher than that of children without autistic siblings.
Autism spectrum disorder is a complex developmental condition that affects communication, behavior, and social interaction. Families with an autistic child often want to know the chances that a future sibling will also have the condition, especially given the significant life changes that come with managing the diagnosis.
The researchers were motivated by the increasing prevalence of autism diagnoses in the general population—rising from about 1 in 110 children in 2011 to 1 in 36 today. This spike raised the question of whether similar trends might influence the recurrence of autism within families, where genetic and environmental factors could play a larger role.
In 2011, a study led by the same research group found that 18.7% of younger siblings of autistic children were later diagnosed with autism. Over the past decade, advances in diagnostic criteria and greater awareness of autism, especially among girls and cognitively able children, have led to increased identification. The researchers wanted to update their previous estimates to reflect these changes.
“Our team previously found that autism is more likely to recur in a family that already has a child with the condition than a family that doesn’t have a child with autism (about 2.5% risk). Since our initial report in 2011, the ASD general population prevalence rate has almost doubled and we were curious whether the same factors operating to increase prevalence (e.g., improved awareness, broader diagnostic criteria, etc.) might have also affected the likelihood of recurrence within a family,” explained study author Sally Ozonoff, a distinguished professor at UC Davis and principal investigator of the Early Detection Lab.
In the new study, the research team analyzed data collected from 18 different research sites worldwide, all part of the Baby Siblings Research Consortium, an international network of autism researchers. This study followed 1,605 infants born into families that already had one or more autistic children. These infants were recruited between 2010 and 2019 and were followed until they were 3 to 5 years old, which is the typical age range when autism symptoms begin to emerge and can be formally diagnosed.
To ensure consistency in diagnosis, each research site used the same assessment tools: the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria. These tools are considered reliable for identifying autism. In addition to assessing whether these children developed autism, the researchers collected data on their developmental progress using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL), which measures cognitive, motor, and language skills.
Key demographic data were also gathered from the families, including information on race, parental education levels, and family structure (e.g., whether the family had one or more autistic children). These factors were included to better understand how they might influence the likelihood of an autism diagnosis in younger siblings.
The study confirmed that the recurrence rate of autism in families remained high, with 20.2% of younger siblings of autistic children receiving an autism diagnosis. This rate is significantly higher than the general population’s autism diagnosis rate, which is about 2.5%. Although the overall recurrence rate was slightly higher than the 18.7% reported in 2011, the increase was not statistically significant, suggesting that despite the rising population prevalence of autism, the likelihood of autism recurring within families has remained relatively stable.
“We replicated the previous finding that the familial recurrence rate is about 20%,” Ozonoff told PsyPost. “In 2011, we found a rate of 18.7%, which is not statistically different. The current sample was much larger and more diverse, giving greater reliability to the finding. The stability of the findings over more than a decade should reassure families and clinicians that the 1-in-5 likelihood of having another child with ASD is a reliable rate.”
“This reinforces the notion that autism runs in families, likely due to genetic causes. Given the elevated likelihood that a younger sibling will develop ASD, close developmental surveillance and prompt referrals are warranted. This was the conclusion of our 2011 paper as well but not necessarily followed in practice yet. Providers need to carefully monitor the development of all younger siblings of autistic children.”
One key finding was that the recurrence rate varied based on certain factors. For instance, male infants in these families were more likely to be diagnosed with autism than female infants—25.3% of boys were diagnosed compared to only 13.1% of girls. This aligns with broader autism research, which consistently shows that boys are more likely than girls to be diagnosed with autism.
However, the study found that girls from families with more than one autistic sibling (known as multiplex families) had a much higher risk of autism compared to girls from families with only one autistic child. In multiplex families, the autism recurrence rate for girls was 39.5%, compared to 12.6% in simplex families (those with only one autistic child).
Interestingly, the sex of the older autistic child (known as the proband) also influenced recurrence rates. Families with an autistic daughter had a recurrence rate of 34.7%, whereas families with an autistic son had a recurrence rate of 22.5%. This supports the theory that girls may require a greater number of genetic or environmental risk factors to develop autism, a phenomenon known as the female protective effect.
Another important finding was the impact of race and maternal education on recurrence rates. The study showed that autism recurrence was higher in families of non-white infants (24.3%) compared to white infants (17.4%). Additionally, maternal education was found to be a predictor of recurrence: children whose mothers had less than a college education were more likely to be diagnosed with autism than those whose mothers had higher educational attainment.
We found that the race of the family affected the likelihood that they would have another child with the autism,” Ozonoff said. “The recurrence rate in White families was 18% while the recurrence rate in families of color was significantly higher, 25%. We also found that recurrence likelihood was affected by the educational attainment in the family.”
“These are new and surprising findings, so it is critical that they are replicated by an independent research team. If replicated, these findings may indicate that there are social factors and social determinants of health that could lead to higher rates of autism in families who experience adversities (systemic racism, economic disadvantage, etc.).”
The study also highlighted the need for more research into the interaction between genetic and environmental factors in autism. For example, why do girls in multiplex families face such a high risk of developing autism? More research into the genetic underpinnings of autism could help answer this question and provide clearer guidance for families.
The Autism Science Foundation was one of several organizations that funded this study. Alycia Halladay, the foundation’s chief science officer and program officer for the Baby Siblings Research Consortium, emphasized the importance of early monitoring, saying: “Given the increased risk to younger siblings, it is critical that subsequent children in families with a child diagnosed with ASD be closely monitored and referred promptly for diagnostic evaluation if early warning signs are present.
“Younger siblings who are male, have an affected female sibling, or multiple affected siblings should be very closely watched during early development. More must be done to ensure that infants with a higher likelihood of diagnosis receive continuous monitoring, especially those from economically disadvantaged communities.”
The study, “Familial Recurrence of Autism: Updates From the Baby Siblings Research Consortium,” was authored by Sally Ozonoff, Gregory S. Young, Jessica Bradshaw, Tony Charman, Katarzyna Chawarska, Jana M. Iverson, Cheryl Klaiman, Rebecca J. Landa, Nicole McDonald, Daniel Messinger, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Carol L. Wilkinson, and Lonnie Zwaigenbaum.
Uncategorized
NUPRC’s Digital Compliance Systems, Licensing Reforms Positioning Nigeria for Stronger Energy Investment, says BusinessMetrics
BusinessMetrics, an independent industry performance evaluator, says the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC) is delivering sustained progress in the implementation of the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA), with reforms that are strengthening investor confidence, deepening transparency and repositioning the upstream industry for long-term growth.
In a statement released on Monday, BusinessMetrics said its latest sector review shows that NUPRC’s regulatory measures over the last year “reflect a deliberate shift toward predictable, technology-driven and investment-friendly governance,” noting that these improvements are already reshaping Nigeria’s competitiveness in the global energy market.
According to the statement, one of the Commission’s most significant achievements is the rapid digitisation of oversight systems that monitor production, metering accuracy, fiscal obligations and environmental performance.
BusinessMetrics said these digital tools have “reduced reporting delays, improved data integrity and enhanced the global credibility of Nigeria’s upstream statistics”.
“The availability of reliable, real-time data is one of the strongest indicators of a trustworthy investment climate,” the organisation said.
“NUPRC’s digital reforms are raising confidence among operators and international financiers who rely on transparent information before committing capital to new field developments.”
The evaluator also noted improvements in licensing and regulatory approval processes, describing the Commission’s approach as more structured, rules-based and commercially coherent compared to previous years.
“Clearer timelines for approvals, structured consultations with operators and the alignment of regulatory decisions with PIA provisions have created a more efficient operating environment,” the firm said.
“This is enabling quicker movement on projects, reducing administrative bottlenecks and giving investors greater clarity on regulatory expectations.”
The organisation said fiscal clarity under the PIA, implemented through NUPRC, has equally enhanced the attractiveness of Nigeria’s upstream assets, leading to renewed activity around marginal fields, reactivation of dormant licences and fresh commitments from both indigenous and international operators.
“The fiscal certainty introduced by the PIA continues to incentivise capital deployment. We are seeing a gradual resurgence in upstream investment appetite, driven by the clarity and predictability that investors have long demanded,” the statement added.
On gas development and decarbonisation, BusinessMetrics commended NUPRC’s enforcement of domestic gas delivery obligations and its frameworks for flare-gas commercialisation, saying these efforts are opening new growth corridors for Nigeria’s energy transition.
“The Commission’s work in gas monetisation is particularly impactful. It supports industrial expansion, contributes to power stability and positions gas as a central pillar of Nigeria’s economic transformation,” the statement added.
The evaluator further highlighted progress in customer-facing reforms, including the strengthening of the One-Stop Regulatory Centre, which it described as a crucial tool for reducing red tape and improving the ease of doing business in the upstream sector.
“This approach aligns with global best practices and signals institutional willingness to reduce friction for investors,” BusinessMetrics noted.
While acknowledging the complexity of Nigeria’s upstream environment, the organisation said the Commission’s consistent delivery on its mandate is helping restore confidence in the sector.
“With sustained implementation of the PIA, Nigeria is better positioned to compete for global capital, increase production capacity and advance long-term energy security,” the organisation said.
BusinessMetrics concluded that NUPRC’s progress “sets a solid foundation for deeper reforms” and urged continued institutional discipline, innovation and investor-focused regulation to fully unlock Nigeria’s upstream potential.
Uncategorized
Forgive your blackmailers and focus on helping Mr. President deliver on his security agenda, group tells Minister Matawalle
The Ambassadors for Peace and Progress (APP) has appealed to the Minister of State for Defence, Dr. Bello Mohammed Matawalle, to forgive the five individuals who publicly confessed to running a N500 million smear campaign against him while he was governor of Zamfara State.
Addressing journalists at a press conference in Abuja on Sunday, the National Coordinator of the group, Rev. Matthew Adejoh, urged the minister not to allow the painful betrayal to distract him from the critical national assignment entrusted to him by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu.
“We followed with deep emotion the courageous confession made by Comrade Aryan Abdul Kareem and his colleagues. Their admission has exposed the depth of political desperation in Zamfara State, but it has also opened a rare door for healing and reconciliation,” Rev. Adejoh said.
Describing Dr. Matawalle as “a peaceful, kind and large-hearted leader who is a friend to everyone,” the cleric appealed to him to extend the same hand of fellowship he has always shown to people of all faiths.
“Dr. Bello Matawalle is known across the North as a man who builds bridges, not walls,” he said. Quoting Colossians 3:13, he added: “Bear with each other and forgive one another if any of you has a grievance against someone. Forgive as the Lord forgave you.
“These young men have fallen on their knees in public and begged for mercy. As believers and as patriots, we plead with His Excellency to forgive them and everyone who was paid to destroy his name.
The bandits ravaging our region do not read sponsored articles — they only respect superior resolve and unity of purpose.”
The Ambassadors praised President Tinubu for appointing Matawalle, saying the elevation was divine recompense for years of wicked blackmail.
“Your enemies spent over half a billion naira to pull you down, yet Allah raised you to the very centre of Nigeria’s war against terror. Let this confession be the final burial of that evil plot,” Rev. Adejoh declared.
While calling on the EFCC, ICPC and security agencies to immediately investigate the allegation that Zamfara State funds were used to sponsor media attacks, the group insisted that Dr. Matawalle himself should choose the path of forgiveness.
“Let justice run its full course, but let our dear Minister show the maturity, kindness and large-heartedness that made President Tinubu bring him to Abuja. Forgive them, Your Excellency. Focus all your energy on helping Mr. President end insecurity forever. That is the greatest victory.”
Uncategorized
Accountability Centre Lauds NNPC’s N5.4trn Profit, Says Ojulari Has Set New Benchmark for Public Sector Performance
A policy advocacy group, the Centre for Energy Accountability and Reform (CEAR), has commended the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited for declaring a Profit After Tax of N5.4 trillion for the 2024 financial year.
The Centre described the performance as “an unmistakable affirmation that Nigeria’s oil industry is finally responding to disciplined management and modern commercial reforms”.
In a statement issued on Friday in Abuja and signed by CEAR’s Executive Director, Dr. Ibrahim Ahmed, the centre said the latest results released by GCEO Bayo Ojulari represent the strongest demonstration yet that the company’s drive toward operational efficiency, transparency and investment expansion is yielding measurable outcomes.
NNPC recently announced the 2024 Profit After Tax during a briefing in Abuja, confirming a 64 percent year-on-year jump from the N3.297 trillion recorded in 2023. Revenue also rose sharply to N45.1 trillion, reflecting an 88 percent surge, supported by higher production volumes and strengthened downstream reforms.
CEAR said the results validate the company’s transformation since it became a limited liability company, crediting Ojulari’s leadership for stabilising operations, tightening cost structures and restoring investor confidence at a time when global capital is increasingly sensitive to governance standards.
“This profit performance is not accidental. It reflects a deliberate, disciplined shift in how NNPC Limited is run—one that prioritises efficiency, transparency and commercial viability. Under Bayo Ojulari’s watch, the company has shown that a national oil company can be profitable, globally competitive and strategically aligned with national development goals,” the statement reads.
The Centre said the ongoing reforms across the upstream, midstream and downstream sectors are beginning to correct years of inefficiency, vandalism, under-investment and regulatory conflict.
Ahmed noted that the financial results align with the Renewed Hope Agenda of President Bola Tinubu, particularly the push for fiscal sustainability and improved sectoral governance.
While acknowledging the decline in foreign exchange earnings reported in the 2024 statement, the Centre said the shortfall underscores the need for sustained reforms to boost production, expand gas output and deepen value-addition rather than crude export dependency.
“The path to long-term stability must be investment-led and production-driven. NNPC Limited’s plan to raise crude output to two million barrels per day by 2027 and three million barrels per day by 2030 is the type of ambition the sector requires. Likewise, the move to scale gas production to 12 billion standard cubic feet per day by 2030 shows strategic foresight,” the statement added.
CEAR also praised the company’s plan to mobilise $60 billion in new investments across the value chain, saying such an expansion will be critical for job creation, revenue growth and anchoring Nigeria’s energy transition.
“With this performance, NNPC Limited has sent a clear message that Nigeria’s energy sector can work, and work profitably, when guided by clear vision and competent management,” Ahmed said.
The Centre urged regulators, industry players and political actors to avoid distractions and continue supporting the reforms that are restoring credibility to Nigeria’s petroleum value chain.
-
News3 months agoCSOs fault DAPPMAN’s ₦75 per litre coastal freight cost demand
-
Uncategorized1 month agoParacetamol Use in Pregnancy Doesn’t Cause Autism, New Study Confirms
-
Uncategorized3 months ago
Consumer Forum Urges FG, DSS to Investigate Desperate Efforts by PENGASSAN to Shut Down Dangote Refinery
-
News3 weeks agoBreaking: FBNQUEST: Nestoil and Neconde are not under any receivership
-
News3 months agoCSOs To Tinubu: Hold DAPPMAN, Labour Unions Responsible For Breakdown Of Law, Order
-
News1 month agoCoalition Backtracks, Apologises To FIRS Chairman Adedeji Over False Allegations
-
News1 month agoFCT Chief Judge Backs BAVCCA’s Call for Responsible Digital Media, Agrees to Co-Host National Conference
-
News3 weeks agoExposed: Mr Femi Otedola, accused of Aggressive Banking Gangsterism
